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Religions in the Persian Empire 660 BC - 583 AD

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Essay / Research Paper Abstract

This 4 page paper examines the practice of various religions in the Persian Empire, during the period 660 BC – 583 AD. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

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4 pages (~225 words per page)

File: D0_HVRelPer.rtf

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This paper examines the religions that existed in the Empire during the period 660 BC - 583 AD. Discussion Much information dealing with the ancient world is inaccurate due to the passage of time, but 660 BC is generally given as the date when Assyria lost its possession of Egypt; Ashurbanipal, the king of Assyria "drove Taharka out of Egypt and firmly established Necho in power there only to have Nechos son Psamtik revolt in 660 BC and wrest Egypt permanently from Assyria" ("Assurbanipal"). It appears then that the decline of the Assyrian Empire may be dated from approximately this time. The date 583 AD is more mysterious; several events occurred that year including an outbreak of smallpox in the Far East; but it seems that the one that might concern us is the "renewed hostilities" among factions in the city of Medina (Muir). What we see throughout this period is the rise and fall of various powers throughout the region. The first religion we want to discuss is Zoroastrianism, which was "the ancient polytheistic religion of the Iranians ... reformed and given new dimensions by the prophet Zoroaster" (Green). The reform occurred during the 7th and 6th centuries BC, and Zoroastrianism was adopted "as the faith of the Persian kings ... [and] became the official religion of the Achaemenid empire and flourished under its successors, the Parthian and Sassanian empires" (Green). Jewish, Muslim and Christian thought were influenced by the cosmology and theology of this earlier faith (Green). When the Muslims conquered the Middle East in the 7th century, the conquest "marked the beginning of a steady decline of Zoroastrianism" (Green). Believers were persecuted, with the result that most of the Zoroastrians migrated to India; the "Parsis of Bombay are their modern descendants" (Green). The Zoroastrian faith ...

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