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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page research paper that discusses a student's question. According to an online medical dictionary (www.medical- dictionary.thefreedictionary.com), the term "vital signs" is defined as "Basic indicators of body function, usually meaning heartbeats per minute, breaths per minute, blood pressure, body temperature, and weight." In answer to the student's research question: "Do vital signs and general measurements vary between ethnic groups in the US?", the answer depends on which vital sign or measurement that is being discussed. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khviteth.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
students research question: "Do vital signs and general measurements vary between ethnic groups in the US?", the answer depends on which vital sign or measurement that is being discussed.
For example, the research that has been done on body temperature, as indicated by Kelly (2006), appears to focus on and assume that data pertaining to normal body temperatures
can be accurately extrapolated to the entirety of the human race. Kelly (2006) points out that the idea that the normal body temperature for a healthy adult is 98.6 degrees
F. evolved, in large part, from the Wunderlichs nineteenth century investigations. However, there is uncertainty as to whether or not Wunderlichs thermometers calibrate with those used today and, furthermore, his
observations that temperature varies considerably by age, sex and time of day have been largely ignored. Current empirical evidence suggests that "site-specific means and ranges based on more recent clinical
thermometry findings should be used in clinical settings" (Kelly, 2002). In other words, in regards to body temperature, while there are variations between populations, it is not due to ethnic
or racial origin and, therefore, the answer is "No." However, in regards to other vital signs and measurements, the answer is a qualified "yes." For instance, hypertension (high blood
pressure) is a chronic condition that constitutes a major risk element for both coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease (Williams, 2002). The rate of hypertension for African American women is
1.8 times higher than it is for European-descended Americans (Williams, 2002). Furthermore, Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Native Hawaiian and American Indian women also have a higher incidence of hypertension than
their white counterparts (Williams, 2002). A higher incidence of hypertension puts African Americans at greater risk for developing cardiovascular disease and suffering premature death than either European Americans or Asians
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