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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
10 pages in length. Urodele amphibians hold a unique place within the scheme of biological diversity, in that unlike other living creatures they have the ability to regenerate their limbs. That various parts of the body can also be regenerated, such as the jaw, lens, retina, spinal cord and much of the heart, speaks to the notion that urodele amphibians are significantly more biologically advanced than virtually all other species known to man. The distinction between young and adult urodeles is that the adults possess the ability to regenerate their lost anatomical structures. Epimorphosis is the scientific term that describes the rebirth of cellular structure in order to develop a missing limb. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
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10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: LM1_TLClimbR.rtf
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can also be regenerated, such as the jaw, lens, retina, spinal cord and much of the heart, speaks to the notion that urodele amphibians are significantly more biologically advanced than
virtually all other species known to man. The distinction between young and adult urodeles is that the adults possess the ability to regenerate their "lost anatomical structures" (McGann et
al, 2001, pp. 13699-13704). Epimorphosis is the scientific term that describes the rebirth of cellular structure in order to develop a missing limb. II. THE REGENERATION PROCESS Plasticity
of the differentiated state plays an integral role in the manner by which urodele amphibians can regenerate their limbs (Pearson, 2001), which allows for "differentiated cells to re-enter the cell
cycle, to lose or decrease their differentiated characteristics and to contribute to the regenerate" (Brokes, 2002). Research on newts, one of the most popularly studied urodele amphibians, indicates that
their myotubes initially re-enter S phase through a particular pathway that leads to phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein; following this motion is the presence of mononucleate cells via budding.
One of the most pertinent issues is to locate the ligand, "which activates entry by the post-mitotic myotube" (Brockes, 2002), providing greater understanding as to why mammalian cells do not
possess this same pathway, while at the same time encouraging further research in order to determine if medical intervention might somehow stimulate this occurrence in humans. "Researchers are moving
systematically toward the distant goal of restoring movement to patients whose damaged central nervous system leaves them paralyzed. Despite encouraging progress, the road to complete spinal cord regeneration in humans
will be long and difficult because there is so much basic science to learn" (Stocum, 2001, pp. 132-139). The fundamental basis of urodele limb regeneration is to replace an
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