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This 5 page paper provides a review of an article b y Uri Lowental entitled Defense and Resistance in the Psychoanalytic Process. The article is summarized and evaluated. Bibliography list 3 sources.
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5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: RT13_SA151psy.rtf
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121-135. Uri Lowental (2000) contends that the psychoanalytic process is never-ending. However, while Lowental seems to advocate Freudian psychology in its true state-uncover the truth, delve deep
into the psyche-he contends that many therapists take short cuts. They are afraid of the truth and so do not probe it. Rather, they resist traditional psychotherapeutic techniques in order
to be either empathetic or neutral. He goes on to look at both concepts of defense and resistance, the basis of his thesis, and briefly explores the concept of defense
in terms of a change in theory. Lowental then goes on and describes some current approaches he sees as being equated with defense. He notes that some therapists have used
Freuds model but made changes. For example, he explains that Brenner (1982 cited in Lowental, 2000) believes that the ego may be mobilized for all sorts of purposes. There is
even a line of thinking that conservatism is and ego-defensive behavior (Maltby & Price, 1999). In any event, Lowental explores resistance more thoroughly as well and contends that the idea
of resistance has its roots in psychoanalytic theory anyway, denoting the definitions in detail. Resistance has been described as something that is characterized by five forms; one form of
id resistance, three forms of ego resistance and one of the superego (Freud, 1926 as cited in Lowental, 2000). The author goes on to say that the current trend is
to treat resistance and defense differently, something that is aligned with Freudian thought, but also "those who adhere to this view see resistance as strictly related to therapeutic technique" (2000,
p. 123). Then, the author goes on to look at the other side, suggesting that some professionals do lump the two classifications of resistance and defense together.
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