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6 pages in length. A discussion on how to build that retirement nest egg with existing funds in tax-preferred retirement accounts. Valuable information and an excellent study guide. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

5 pages in length. Human behavior is a complicated and curious equation. The answer to why a particular action is exhibited may be locked away in centuries worth of evolution, yet it continues to be displayed even today. Contemporary sociologists have come to understand that the human mental condition is part of a complex interplay between the environment and biology. Indeed, there is a direct link between brain chemistry and structure that ultimately dictates behavior. Hannah Arendt's "Eichmann in Jerusalem : A Report on the Banality of Evil" and Gitta Sereny's "Into That Darkness : An Examination of Conscience" discuss such behavior as it relates to infamous Holocaust personalities Eichmann and Stangl. However, upon reading these accounts, one is compelled to ponder whether these men represent two different people or two different authors. No additional sources cited.

This 7 page paper gives an excellent overview between these two cost accounting methods. Also gives differences based on manufacturing as well as service providing organizations.Bibliography lists two sources.

5 pages in length. Describes in memo form an article from the Journal of Accountancy as considered by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Bibliography lists 1 source.

5 pages in length. Noted historian Roger Lane accomplishes a monumental undertaking that no other author has completely captured: a comprehensive account of America's violent growth era by era. Clearly, the author's expertise resides within the expansive boundaries of America's past, inasmuch as Lane's experience as an historian has effectively prepared him to compose a book of such caliber. No additional sources cited.

14 pages in length. While the Spanish-American War may have destroyed Spain's dominion over the countries it lost to the United States, it also created intense patriotic and interventionist passion for every person involved, no matter which side they supported. Still and all, the mystery surrounding who actually downed the U.S.S. Maine remains to this day, and the truth will most likely never be learned. One thing is clear: while Spain took a political beating on account of the Spanish/American War, the United States did just the opposite. The writer discusses how the United States entered the Spanish/American war in defense of its own economic interests, as well as to further its own global status and prestige. Bibliography lists 8 sources.

A 5 page paper which discusses how Dame Shirley could not be expected to truly understand, or give an account of, the gold rush due to the fact that she had nothing in common with the average miner at the Rich Bar. No additional sources cited.

A 5 page paper which discusses various aspects of ethics in the field of accounting. The focus is on varying conditions involving auditing and how the CPA should not be held responsible unless there is clear evidence which points at shady involvement on the part of the CPA. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

A 47 page paper discussing the world of computers as it relates to the automobile. The history of the engine is discussed in order to give a basic amount of information in which to understand the changes that have occurred from an electronic viewpoint. This is followed by a detailed account of the automobile today which houses many different forms of electronic controls. The issues relating to the mechanics who must learn to work on the new automobiles is addressed. A section detailing some information regarding computerized design is included to illustrate where the computerization of automobiles may well have begun which is followed by a section discussing the automobile of the tomorrow. Bibliography contains 17 sources.

9 pages in length. Israel has always been the victim of inner struggles and outward tensions. Whether the discord is within its own people or on account of hostilities with other nations, there has hardly been a time when the Israelis have not been suffering with some kind of tension. These tensions have created much hardship for Israel, as they often lead to other economic, political and psychological strife. Why is Israel so full of struggle and conflict? There are more than a few reasons why the Israelis are in a constant state of discord. The writer discusses tensions as they relate to Israel. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

Two of the more engaging books of the Romantic Era, Defoe's Robinson Crusoe and Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, are superficially very similar. Both describe the hero's travels to strange places and his adventures among outlandish peoples. They both reflect the literary need of the time to, at least on the surface, be based on true accounts; that is, the initial plot is within the realm of possibility and then treads lightly into a land of imagination. Swift uses the fictional story to make a moral and philosophical point, while Defoe proclaims his moral purpose like a revivalist, but puts in plenty of sensational, adventurous and imaginative detail to engage the reader. This 5 page paper asserts that the values that are represented in the life of Robinson Crusoe are those valued in Christianity: prudence, temperance, and the other qualities Crusoe needs for a good life on the island. His association with Friday is that of missionary to convert. Gulliver's attempts at self-perfection and proselytizing, his inability to achieve the Houyhnhnm ideal and his inability to recognize the Christian wisdom embodied in the Captain's charity, serve to mock both the Enlightenment idea of humanity's innate goodness and Christianity's desire for sanctification. No additional sources are listed.

8 pages in length. Comparing the postwar work of Betty Friedan to that of Eldridge Cleaver is to draw a common denominator from two seemingly divergent perspectives. While Friedan's The Feminine Mystique addresses the cultural narrow-mindedness of gender, Cleaver's account in Soul On Ice focuses upon the long-standing racial inequities that have plagued man since the beginning of time. Clearly, to compare these two works encourages the student to seek out this common denominator; at the same time, however, the student will also want to discuss the individual characteristics pertinent only to each specific book. No additional sources cited.

The story of Spartacus is an account of a slave revolt in 71 B.C. This 5 page paper provides short descriptions of several of the minor characters and then a summary of the story. No additional sources are listed.

A 6 page paper which examines if Hume provides an adequate account of causal necessity (nature of causation). Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This is a 5 page paper discussing the moral standing of animal rights. The arguments for the moral rights of animals covers a great many aspects in regards to moral obligation, natural rights of man and animals, utilitarianism and man’s exploitation of anything or anyone it considers inferior to himself. While many argue that the distinction between species is a cognitive one, others argue that if a distinction should be made it should be in a species’ capacity to feel pain in which case animals are equivalent to humans and should not be treated poorly. Additional arguments show that humans are hypocritical in their actions. While many humans treat their domestic animals well and they fight for the protection of these animals, they still allow for inhumane treatment of animals to occur in regards to agriculture, medical experimentation and entertainment environments. Morally and ethically, humans do seem to believe in animal rights; however their actions do not reflect their morals ideals. By all accounts, non-human animals should have protection rights and should be morally equivalent to humans in nature but however sound the argument may be, the utilitarian aspect of the human actions seem to override this conclusion. Bibliography lists 8 sources.

This is a 5 page paper discussing myths and the acceptance of the ghost Beloved in Toni Morrison’s “Beloved”. As examination of the myths and superstitions which were believed by the American slaves were a fragment of the cultural beliefs from their African heritage and had a great effect on the psyche of the slaves. Africans and the American slaves believed that the ghosts of the dead continued to exist within the household in order to aid the families when needed and to punish them when they misbehaved; were reminders of the past; and, when the ghosts or the past were forgotten or repressed, people would suffer. The ghost Beloved in Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” is representative of many different things depending upon the perception of each character and their interpretation of what the past meant to them. The ghost is described as evil, beautiful, sad, lonely or mad depending on which characters perceive as the ghost’s representation of the past. In keeping with the African myth, the characters in the novel, Sethe in particular, must remember and account for their past in order to survive in the future. Morrison makes several comparisons of the African American psyche and the African psyche as well as the colonial effect on this psyche. In addition, “Beloved” also includes references to the classic mythical creature of the snake as a symbol of rebirth as Beloved can be perceived as Sethe’s rebirth. Bibliography lists 7 sources.

This is a 7 page paper discussing critical practitioner principles and social work requirements in regards to their application. The components involved in modern social work which involve the fair distribution of service based on economic, cultural and effective factors among many others are issues which also must be considered during an assessment an implementation of a program by a critical practitioner. The critical practitioner must take into account cultural and social factors and discourse with a multidisciplinary team regarding all levels of program implementation. In addition, social work agencies and critical practitioners must be educated in regards to political, changing policies and economics in order to promote the possibilities of future services. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

This is a 6 page paper discussing Giddens’ response to Durkheim’s suicide. Anthony Giddens is a modern day sociologist who has proposed a new theory of “structuration” which he considers as his “concern to develop an ontological framework for the study of human social activities”. In doing this, Giddens offers a more expansive and open method in the study of society and institutions in which he hopes will offer an alternative to many of the traditional sociological methods used. Emile Durkheim in his study on “Suicide” provided one of the first systematic presentations of suicide as a sociological phenomenon. Consistent with the functionalist theories however, Durkheim offered three definitions of suicide, egoistic, altruistic and anomic, which were all functional aspects of society. Giddens believed that the functionalist argument could not possibly account for the various factors influencing suicide and within his argument and general dismisses much of Durkheim’s definitions. He also presents other misunderstandings and controversies which surrounded Durkheim’s study on suicide which somewhat validate his claim that the functionalist perspective is not complete in its relation to the discussion of suicide. Bibliography lists 7 sources.

This is a 5 page paper discussing Marx’s theory of religion and Islamic modern day Turkey. Karl Marx believed that religion was the “opium of the people” and it led to the protection of the elite classes and oppression of the lower classes. In modern day Turkey, the Islamist movement was said to originate as a need to represent the poor urban population and promoted the ideals of Marx in regards to the socialist ideals and community equality. In addition, it also promoted the traditional conservative ideals of the Islamic faith. Since religion has become a part of Turkish politics, the oppression of classes and other religions has continued. Christians within Turkey find it hard to exist in the country as they are not allowed to study their own faith and are forced to learn the foundations of Islam within the educational system. Those children who refuse are humiliated by the teachers and class mates. Since 1980, many Christians have moved from Turkey into parts of Europe. Turkey which is a member of NATO and the European Council deems itself as “secular” to seem more attractive to the western countries but by all accounts, Marxist theories of religion leading to oppression seems to be a ongoing issue in modern day Turkey. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This is a 6 page paper discussing the demographic, socio-economic and cultural characteristics of African American families. Studies of demographic, socio-economic and cultural characteristics of African American families and communities have shown that overall, African Americans report lower incomes, lower education, higher unemployment and poverty rates, and higher mortality and suicide rates than most White communities in the United States. All of these factors have improved over the last decade and unemployment was reported at an all time low in the last U.S. Census. Despite these adversities however, a large percentage of African American families have succeeded in their educational and professional careers. It is believed that this “resilience” is enhanced by several cultural support characteristics which exist within the African American families and their communities. Most African Americans have reported that their most difficult challenges are based on racism and oppressive factors rather than factors which relate to their family or socio-economic status. Racism, oppression, and segregation are also believed to be some of the primary differences in the mortality and suicide rates in the African American population from the white population. In social science studies and in relation to agencies which wish to establish social support groups to help African American families, all of the cultural, socio-economic, and demographic differences must be taken into account. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

This is a 6 page paper on a comparison of Cooper’s “The Last of the Mohicans” and Rowlandson’s “A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson” in regards to strength, sexuality and purity. James Fenimore Cooper’s “The Last of the Mohicans” and Mary Rowlandson’s “A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson” both tell stories of female captives during the Indian colonial wars in the Eastern U.S. In Cooper’s work of fiction, he tells the story of Cora Munro and how she provides the strength needed to allow her pure sister to survive their captivity. Cora is of mixed blood but still finds the idea of marrying Magua the Huron “morally repugnant”. Cooper was also criticized after the publication of the work in his insinuation of doubting the purity of the colonists. Rowlandson’s true account of her own captivity stressed that she found her strength to survive her ordeal through the purity of the Psalms of the Puritan religion. Rowlandson’s strength came from her religion whereas Cora’s came from within herself and her use of her powerful sexuality: the colonist ideals remain intact however as Rowlandson survived and the impure Cora dies. These ideals of the importance of pure blood lines are still seen today in the rapes which are reported during wartime in Joanne Barkan’s article on the Serbian rape camps of Yugoslavia which were meant to bring impurity to the blood lines of the Muslims. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

This is a 5 page paper discussing how the motif of violence is used to express the theme of solitude in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s “One Hundred Years of Solitude”. In Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s “One Hundred Years of Solitude” written in 1967, he uses various themes throughout to help highlight the theme of isolation and solitude experienced by the community of Macondo in the book. One motif used is that of violence which reoccurs throughout the history of the community. The violent cycles within the work increase in their destructive nature but after each occurrence, the community suppresses the memories of the violence. This suppression of memories further isolates the community from reality and the outside world and they eventually create a society based on their own fantasies. Although violence is not meant to be a central focus of the book Marquez is very explicit in the details of the violence which does occur partly to awaken the reader to events which actually have occurred in the history of Columbia and which have been rewritten and suppressed in their own account but also to show to what extent the suppression of such violence can add to the solitude of a community and its characters. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This is a 5 page book review of Sharon Kay Penman’s novel “When Christ and His Saints Slept”. Sharon Kay Penman’s novel “When Christ and His Saints Slept” (1995) tells the story of the struggle for the English crown upon the death of Henry I during the 12th century. The novel is considered excellent on many accounts by the critics. Firstly, the novel is accurate in its detail in revealing the political turmoil and its horrific effects on the citizens of Britain at the time. Secondly, by the in-depth characterizations used in the novel and in some cases the introduction of fictional characters in order to obtain this, Penman managed to find a way to humanize that era in history which had previously been untold in such a manner. By doing this Penman not only creates an intensely interesting novel of history but also hopes to inspire her readers to further their education in the history of the Middle Ages, an area she considers still dark and undiscovered in its previous depictions. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This is a 7 page paper discussing the impact the environment has on the activities of the people of Morocco and the impact the people have on the environment. The environment of Morocco has an immense impact on the activities of the people who live there. In order to compensate for different aspects of the environment the people of Morocco have learned to adapt and have tried to compensate for the impact of their environment while being able to maintain an ever increasing population. This interaction between the environment and the people who live within it is know as the area of sustainable development which essentially takes into account the needs of the current population while not compromising the needs of future generations. Morocco’s increasing population however, especially in the expanding urban areas will no doubt eventually have a larger influence on the environment than it will have on them. With the gradual introduction of more chemicals to sustain the crops and roads to increase the transportation needs of the country, it would seem that the environment will not be sustained for future generations. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This is a 10 page paper discussing multicultural issues in art therapy. Art therapy is known as the therapeutic use of art making in an attempt to help those experiencing illnesses, trauma or personal challenges, in their treatment and recovery. Art therapists are well educated professionals who have to take a great many certifications and courses in the areas of art, medicine and psychotherapy among others. In addition, art therapists have standards which must be maintained by the profession and a large portion of these standards have to do with successfully accounting for the multicultural differences in clients and the community. Art therapists must develop relationships with their clients and in order to do this properly art therapists must educate themselves on the differences in beliefs, norms, rituals and therapy expectations of individuals who are from different cultural, ethnic, race, gender, age or social backgrounds. In addition to knowing the belief systems which may influence therapy, art therapists must also be aware of how different belief systems have influenced clients’ lives outside of the clinical environment in addition to several other governing factors. Bibliography lists 6 sources.