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A 4 page essay that discusses Ellison's use of symbolism and imagery in the first chapter of his novel Invisible Man. The writer argues that this is a psychologically complex account of naïve youth and racial prejudice. Examination of the symbolism and imagery that Ellison uses in this account demonstrates that Ellison intends for the reader to comprehend what his young narrator does not yet fully see, which is the depth, breadth and virulence of white racial hatred. No additional sources cited.

This 80-page paper goes into detailed discussion about the accounting problems that launched the bankruptcy of Enron Corp. and WorldCom, and the legislation passed to try to prevent the same thing from happening in the future. The paper also discusses overall accounting irregularities and how the system should be overhauled to prevent these in the future.

A 6 page paper defining and providing examples of financial and management. Management accounting also provides decision-making tools, while financial accounting gives investors and regulatory agencies a view of how effective management's decision-making has been during the reporting period. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

This 20-page paper discusses a variety of accounting concepts and theories, including elements of a financial statement, news releases from the FASB, the structure of the FASB and an article and literature dealing with an accounting theory issue. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

A 3 page essay that analyzes the motivations of Sister Helen Prejean in her autobiographical account of her ministry to death row inmates, which records how she stood by men such as Robert Lee Willie who were guilty of despicable crimes. Examination of Prejean's account shows that she was motivated by her deeply held religious faith. Prejean's ministry draws not only on scripture and the words of Jesus Christ, but also on her own personal perspective of the Divine. Bibliography lists 1 source.

A 8 page paper that addresses different topics beginning with the fraudulent accounting tactics of Enron and WorldCom. The writer also comments on United Airline's bankruptcy and how United has used this to their advantage. The writer also comments on: would it be better for United Airlines to liquidate, whether bankruptcy laws favor companies or individuals and suggestions for accountants in terms of detecting fraudulent financial accounting practices. Bibliography lists 10 sources.

6 pages in length. The fall of any civilization marks a watershed moment in its historical commentary; when Constantinople fell at the hands of Mehmed II, those who were standing on the very ground upon which the weeks' long battle was fought reveal minutiae unlike any historian ever could. The value of eye-witness accounts navigates through gaping voids and embellished accounts of those who, while valuable in their own rights, can only surmise the truer points of Constantinople's ultimate collapse. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

A 6 page paper commenting on an article warning of the decline of Toys 'R' Us and what that decline likely means for the toy industry. Wal-Mart, Toys 'R' Us and Target account for 48 percent of the toy sales in the US, but they do not account for 52 percent of sales. The paper urges manufacturers to seek out other distribution channels, taking advantage of online opportunities in direct sales, retail sales and online auctions. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

This 9 page paper discusses the statement that “Implementing international accounting standards will require considerable time and resources but the end results will be beneficial for all UK companies”. The paper looks at the benefits and the costs that will be realised as a result of harmonisation of accounting standards. The bibliography cites 9 sources.

This 3 page paper looks at questions set by the student. The first questions looks at net sales for a company over a period of years and asses if a 10% increase is possible the following year. The second question considers a profit and loss (income) account where there is to be a 20% increases in the sales and calculates the rest of the accounts from that figure using a percentage method. The bibliography cites 3 sources.

This 6 page paper assesses financial accounting, auditing and tax accounting in the recent era and the changes that have occurred over time. This paper outlines the major challenges within these accounting specialties. Bibliography lists 6 sources.

This is a 5 page paper discussing WorldCom Inc and some accounting techniques used in its mergers and acquisitions. Recently, WorldCom one of the world leaders in the telecommunication industry has come under the investigation of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as a result of several accounting techniques used during its more than 70 acquisitions of other companies during the last five years. It is estimated that the use of techniques to incur R&D write offs during mergers and acquisitions to inflate future profits included “in process” R&D charges, pooling, restructuring reserve, and revenue recognition. These techniques may proved profitable in the short term have now resulted in the demise of several other telecommunication giants which were also affected by a saturation of competition in the industry and the collapse of the dot com companies. WorldCom now reports a $29 billion debt with the resignation of its former CEO. The World Bank, accounting critics and several other technological companies are recommending steering away from the accounting techniques applied by the telecommunication companies and also advocate changes in accounting techniques which should include a shift in the process of auditors working for the investors and not the companies themselves and a tougher accounting ethics association. Bibliography lists 8 sources.

This 16 page paper discusses three questions. First, what happened at Enron and WorldCom? What went wrong? Data are included in this section. The second issue has to do with the accounting standards and discusses the SEC, FASB, GAAP and auditing committees. The last section in the paper talks about the changes in international accounting standards since Enron and WorldCom. Discussion includes the International Accounting Standards Board and examinations that are taking place in the European Union and in the United Kingdom. The position of the U.S. in terms of international standards is also presented. Bibliography lists 12 sources.

A 10 page analysis of chapter 4 from Jung's autobiography Memories, Dreams Reflections (1965). Carl Jung refers to this account of his life as "personal myth." He states that he considers it irrelevant as to whether or not the stories he relates are "true," but that he is concerned only with whether or not those stories relate "my fable, my truth" (p. 3). In the fourth chapter of this account, Jung offers a detailed look at his "Psychiatric Activities." However, considering the manner in which Jung introduces his account of his life, one has to question his intent in his summation of case studies, as his stated purpose is to relate details about himself. Therefore, this examination of chapter IV of Jung's book looks at the symbolic nature of these cases and what they inform the reader about Carl Jung. Bibliography lists 2 sources.

7 pages in length. The vastness of George Hourani's "Arab Seafaring" explores well beyond the standardized version of sea trade history and its eventual impact upon the world; rather, this particular historic rendering takes myriad other elements into account when describing one of the most important episodes in commerce. While the author does, indeed, address the fundamental aspects of sea trade history as it relates to the time before Christ, the Arabs, the Indian Ocean and ultimately to China and East Africa, one might readily argue that the much more interesting components of Hourani's account stem from his detailed descriptions of other heretofore undisclosed content, such as travel particulars, geographic interests, meteorology and highly illustrative visual images of the very vessels that made these seafaring journeys over and over again. Also integral to the overall comprehensiveness of Hourani's book is the impact of lighthouses, maritime handbooks and other invaluable guiding instruments, as well as that of piracy and everyday sea life upon the sailors. Unquestionably, Arab Seafaring is one of the most exhaustive accounts of its kind that paints a complete and detailed literary picture of what it meant to be involved with seafaring commerce during these centuries. No additional sources cited.

A 7 page paper discussing the implications of Statement 109 for small business. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) spent nearly a decade debating issues surrounding the reporting of income tax issues before releasing “Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 109: Accounting for Income Taxes.” Statement 109 allows businesses to defer both tax liabilities and tax benefits on the balance sheet to align with the timing of receipt of the revenues on which deferred income tax amounts are based. The purpose here is to review issues such as net change in valuation allowance; deferred tax liability and assets; deferred tax expense or benefit; related party transactions; continued existence and other items. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

A 6 page overview of Miguel Leon Portilla's 'The Broken Spears : The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico'. Reveals that this book differs from typical accounts of the conquest of Mexico in that it is one of the few accounts which is presented from the aspect of the indigenous peoples who lived there rather than from the perspective of the European marauders who invaded their lands and killed their peoples. Examines the question of why the Spanish were able to conquer the Aztec. Suggests that this accomplishment is not just due to technological superiority but also to Spanish mindset. The Spanish conquered the Aztec by destroying their culture and exposing them to the ravages of disease. No additional sources are listed.

10 pages in length. No greater contrarieties could exist than between the Garden of Eden and the Garden of Gethsemane; their drastic differences were as vast as the day is long. Where one represented peace and tranquility, the other symbolized sadness, torture and the depths of despair. There is much controversy and mystery surrounding da Vinci's painting, The Last Supper, depending upon which account one believes -- the biblical version or the contemporary version. Even within the biblical version, however, there exists varying accounts of what took place in da Vinci's masterpiece. The writer compares and contrasts the differences between the Gardens, briefly accounts for the fall of Adam and Eve, discusses the various interpretations of The Last Supper, and also includes a bit about the history behind the artist's rendering. Bibliography lists 11 sources.

A 3 page book review that compares 2 autobiographical texts on depression. William Styron (Darkness Visible, 1990) and Kay Redfield Jamison (An Unquiet Mind, 1997) have written detailed autobiographical accounts of their experiences with mental illness. Styron, a noted author, at the age of sixty found himself plunged into despair by pathological depression. Jamison, a noted psychiatrist, records how she was plagued by bipolar disorder throughout her life. In both texts, these authors relate first-hand accounts that give the details of the internal and external ramifications of their disease. In so doing, they provide the reader with accounts that have profound sociological and psychological effects by accurately describing what it is like to experience these mental disorders. No additional sources cited.

A 4 page paper discussing the Accounts Payable process at Jamona.com for the purpose of assessing controls that exist and recommending others that the company could use to improve internal control. The process given for Jamona.com appears to create opportunity for an individual within Accounts Payable to be able to embezzle funds at will. It needs to "complicate" its process to the extent that it would be more difficult for a would-be thief to steal from the company through Accounts Payable. At minimum, it needs to be sending invoices or copies of invoices to the departments charged with the amounts billed on those invoices. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

This 10 page paper looks at a three sets of questions posed by the student. All questions concern the use of adjusted accrual accounting in government. The first part looks at some of the basic elements of accounting, these are short answers examples include defining when revenue is recognised and what is meant by available, classifying property tax and how income form grants is dealt with. The second part of the paper uses a case study and identified the amounts that are would be input under different headings. The last part considers where specific items may be included in the accounts. The bibliography cites 2 sources.

Investors are impacted when a major company, such as Enron fails due to inventive, creative or manipulative accounting supported by the corporate governance environment. This 50 page paper considers if changing the regulatory environment, as attempted in the US with the introduction of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, will either prevent or give early warnings of companies that are presenting misleading accounts. This is achieved by looking at how and why accounts are so important to investor confidence, how they can be manipulated inside and outside the spirit and letter of the law and how this information might be used by investors to value shares and influence the demand for the shares. The case of Enron is then studied and then the paper considers if the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have prevented the practices that lead to the collapse, or if they would have given an earlier warning. The bibliography cites 36 pages.

A 3 page examination of history as a discipline. The author points out that the job of the historian is accomplished using specific tools and methodologies that allow as accurate as possible interpretation of history. It is not uncommon, however, to find that each new generation of historians has the tendency to rewrite some aspects of history. Sometimes this rewriting process results in a more accurate accounting, an accounting made possible by new developments and understandings in the discipline, but sometimes it results in what is termed "revisionist history", an accounting that is tilted to accomplish a specific goal or agenda. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

Brady Westwater has not been taken seriously by east coast observers when he makes a strong argument against Mike Davis’s account of a bleak, futuristic Los Angeles unsuitable for living. Yet, Westwater’s account of the facts make much more sense to the common observer than Davis’s account, particularly in light of the fact that Westwater has the acumen to use Davis’s so-called extensively researched facts against him. Looking at Westwater’s bigger picture, his extensive argument against the native son aspect of Mike Davis’s L.A. outlook seems to be a waste of time. A short mention would have sufficed, but this does not dilute the finer points of his greater argument, particularly in relationship to the Bunker Hill information. 3 references. jvWestwt.rtf

A 12 page literature review examining the value of accountants to the small business. The literature review is for use in a study of small businesses in which they will be surveyed regarding the sources of the accounting expertise they use, for the purpose of relating accounting presence and business failure. The original purpose of this literature review was to locate and discuss articles focusing on small businesses’ use and employment of accounting personnel in support of an upcoming study of that relationship and its effect on the course of development of the small enterprise. No such specific information appears to be available, however, a surprising discovery in light of the critical nature of efficient and optimal operation of business of any size. Despite the dearth of information directly related to the proposed hypotheses for the study, the information that does exist points to the need for the proposed study. Bibliography lists 19 sources.