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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper that examines how the concept of individual rights evolved in England and in the early history of the US. The writer traces how the concept of rights set forth in the Declaration of Independence goes back to British traditions and European philosophers. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khindrts.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
is largely a product of seventeenth and eighteenth century European thought (Raynor, 2002). Throughout human history, societies have established rules or laws that standardized codes of behavior. Typically, these codes
have been based on the moral laws laid out by the worlds various religions. These codes of moral conduct concerned the duties and responsibilities of the individual toward society. In
the seventeenth century, the focus shifted from the duties of the individual to the needs of the individual. Political philosophers such as Grotus, Hobbes and Locke formulated the concept
of "natural rights" or the "rights of man" (Raynor, 2002). This concept evolved from the idea that people in their "natural" condition have unlimited freedom. However, they surrender their "natural
rights," in whole or in part, to a king or government in order to obtain the advantages of civil society. If the people surrender all of their rights, as Hobbes
suggests, then they are subject to absolute authority and must obey. On the other hand, if they retain some rights, then the question arises as to what part of their
freedoms do they give up (Raynor, 2002). This was the "hot" political issue of seventeenth century England. The protection of the rights of the people, in particular the
right to political participation and freedom of religion, became the motivating forces behind the English Revolution of 1640, which placed rebel leader Oliver Cromwell at the head of the English
government and resulted in the Kings execution (Raynor, 2002). These same factors also served to motivate the rebellion that removed this civil administration from power in the "Glorious Revolution" of
1688, which place an English monarch back on the throne, but also led to the English Bill of Right in 1689 (Raynor, 2002). The English Bill of Rights concerned
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