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Homer & Achebe/Fear and Anger

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An 8 page research paper that examines the role of fear and anger in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart and the classic ancient Greek epic, the Iliad, by Homer. In both of these texts, the volatile emotions of fear and anger are expressed within the framework of the warrior ethos. An examination of the effects of fear and anger in these narratives demonstrates the commonality of human experience; and, specifically, how war and violence defy rationality, drawing directly on the basic emotions, such as fear and anger. Bibliography lists 7 sources.

Page Count:

8 pages (~225 words per page)

File: D0_khhomach.rtf

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because they spring from human nature. Demonstrating this in literature, fear and anger are primary motivational forces in both Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart and the classic ancient Greek epic, the Iliad, by Homer. In both of these texts, the volatile emotions of fear and anger are expressed within the framework of the warrior ethos. An examination of the effects of fear and anger in these narratives demonstrates the commonality of human experience; and, specifically, how war and violence defy rationality, drawing directly on the basic emotions, such as fear and anger. An integral part of Homers epic the Iliad is the word "thumos," which appears repeatedly throughout the narrative (Koziak 1068). While "thumos" has been translated as "anger," recent theorists have recognized that the Greek word has a wider connotation. "Thumos" is generally understood to indicate the "angry and manly defense of honor, family and country" (Koziak 1068). As this suggests, anger is recognized in the Iliad as a primary motivational force that affects both men and women, gods and goddesses. In fact, it is the anger of Achilles at a perceived insult to his honor that provides the main motivational force of the Iliad (Valiunas 47). Achilles becomes so angry that he withdraws from battle and the Greek forces suffer mightily without their hero. Later in the narrative, his anger propels him into battle. But, just as anger motivates action, so does fear. Fear and disgust at warfare and killing affects event the bravest soldiers, which is why the battle cry is raised to "Be men, my friend! Discipline fill your hearts!" (Gardinier 5). As this suggests, the warrior ethos of the ancient Greeks equated being a soldier with manhood. To be a "proper" or "real" man, required that a soldier should be able ...

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