Sample Essay on:
Extinction and Genetic Diversity

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This 5 page paper considers the question of whether extinction is a necessary part of the survival of the species. The question of whether extinction of certain species will inherently reduce genetic diversity has been at the center of recent debates. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

Page Count:

5 pages (~225 words per page)

File: MH11_MHExtin2.rtf

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belief that the fewer genetic characteristics, the characteristics of more vulnerable species, will reduce the diversification of species in general. Scientists have argued, though, that the persistence of certain species through geologic time underscores the necessity for natural selection and the lack of importance that should be placed on more vulnerable species. In other words, because the more virulent genetic developments are maintained over time, genetic diversity is influenced less by vulnerable species and more by the random changes in DNA composition. Theorists like Philip Kitcher have argued against what he has deemed the increasing interest in genetic determinism, or the belief that genes are the central elements defining change in animal populations. Genic selectionists have focused on the process of natural selection, the genetic process by which random changes in genetic composition ultimately lead to improvements through the "survival of the fittest." In a more concrete view of this process, random genetic changes occur that can be either beneficial or not. Those genetic changes that are beneficial, then, improve the changes that a certain population with certain characteristics will survive and reproduce, and this determines the continuation of these genetic characteristics. This concept of natural selection, then, is defined initially by the randomness of change, and then by the belief that evolution is shaped by changes in gene frequencies that are linked to concepts of fitness (Griffiths and Gray, 2002). Because some of the variants that impact fitness are hereditary, the conventional views of natural selection and heredity relate directly to the nature of genetic changes and the transformation of gene frequencies over time (Griffiths and Gray, 2002). Kitcher (1996), though, in his work The Lives to Come, warns against an overly defined focus on genetic determines, without consideration for the ...

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