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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 7 page research paper that addresses the persistence of racial inequalities in the US, with a particular emphasis on the public school system. The writer examines Ronald Takaki's 'A Different Mirror,' and Jonathan Kozol's 'Savage Inequalities,' two books that depict what it is like to be born black or Latino in the United States. Takaki's book discusses American history from the standpoint of these two minorities. Kozol makes it clear in his book that inequalities still abound. No additional sources cited.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: KE9_99tako.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
history from the standpoint of these two minorities, and this viewpoint differs greatly from the perspective of white mainstream America, which is what makes up the standard fare in public
education. While it would be comforting to believe that the injustices that Takaki discusses are remnants of Americas past, Kozol makes it clear in his book that inequalities still abound
and that it is the children of minorities that bear the brunt of school policies that elevate the children of the affluent, while condemning poor minority children to continued poverty.
The inequities against blacks started, of course, with slavery. White, who liked to think of themselves as good Christians, required a plethora of rationalization in order to rationalization the
"peculiar institution" of slavery. One of the ways in which they did this was to see blacks as shiftless, lazy, and irresponsible, needing the "supervision" of whites because of their
child-like nature (Takaki 111-112). Forced to work from sunup till past dark, doing backbreaking work from which they would gain absolutely nothing, it is small wonder that whites felt blacks
needed overseers to accomplish this injustice. But to keep blacks in bondage took much more than this. It also required laws that made it illegal to teach slaves how to
read and write, as it was understood even in those days that knowledge is equivalent to power. One of the greatest fears of the Southern white was that blacks
would discover how they outnumbered whites in the Antebellum South, and rise up and murder their oppressors. Every conceivable form of cruelty was thus rationalized to blacks "in their place."
In turn, African Americans learned that they had to play a certain role, the "Sambo"?the human equivalent in behavior of a lap dog. Takaki points out that sometimes a slave
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