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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 14 page paper that begins by reporting when and why the first children's court/juvenile court was established. The rest of the essay compares and contrasts the two systems and discusses the advantages of juvenile court. 1 Table illustrates the differences in terminology. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
14 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGjvcrt.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
juvenile court was established in Chicago in 1899 (Calderon, 2006; Young and Gainsborough, 2000). The objective "was to rehabilitate and apply the parens patriae concept of being surrogate parents to
children in need of help as opposed to the harsh punishment that had been the long practice in dealing with them" (Calderon, 2006). The movement to childrens courts was promoted
by a number of social activists, including individuals like Jane Addams and organizations such as bar associations (Krisberg, 2005). The concept of a separate and special court for youngsters spread
throughout the states over subsequent years (Krisberg, 2005). There were a number of premises to promote the idea of juvenile courts (Krisberg, 2005). First, children are not simply small adults,
second, special training was needed to understand and work with children, third, children who were sent to adult jails became more antisocial and more criminal, and it was believed that
rehabilitation could change these young people (Krisberg, 2005). It was not until 1967 that laws were enacted to extend the same rights to youth as were extended to
adults, such as the right to legal counsel (Krisberg, 2005). Even with juvenile courts, the punishment did not always fit the crime, it was much more severe too often (Krisberg,
2005). It would take until the 1980s before all youth were taken out of adult jails and removed to separate facilities (Krisberg, 2005). Rehabilitation remains the goal of the juvenile
justice system (Minnesota Center for Community Legal Education, 2005; Calderon, 2006). The hope is that juveniles will develop into productive, law-abiding adults (Minnesota Center for Community Legal Education, 2005). Juvenile
courts are designed to deal with youngsters who are accused of committing two types of offenses: the first is called status offenses, meaning that only children can commit these acts,
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