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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page scientific report on the status of the orange as the leading fruit crop in the world. Covered are its botany, economic importance, history of cultivation, methods of propagation, care, pests which attack it, soils, temperature, rainfall, and methods of harvesting. Bibliography lists five sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_90orang.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
and its many varieties have gained it a foothold on most of the worlds continents. Oranges are an important economic product of a number of countries, and serve as a
cheap source of fiber and vitamins for many of the worlds populations. Botannically, the orange is the fruit of any of several types of evergreen citrus trees. The three
most common types of oranges grown in the world are the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), mandarin orange (Citrus nobilis var. deliciosa) and sour orange (Citrus aurantium). All oranges contain high
levels of sugar and vitamin C and produce large quantities of sweet juice (Stanley, 1992). Both sweet and sour oranges were thought to have been cultivated in southern China and
Indochina for as long as 4,000 years, and in fact are considered among the oldest cultivated plants (Stanley, 1992). The sour orange, which is more resistant to cold, was introduced
to Europe first, arriving in Spain around 1100 and 1400 A.D. (Stanley, 1992). Originally, almost all orange trees were propagated from seeds; however, starting in the late 1800s, budding became
popular (Stanley, 1992). In this process, two-year-old seedlings from the desired variety are grafted onto four-year-old root stock, usually from hardier varieties with less appetizing fruit (Stanley, 1992). Christopher
Columbus brought orange seeds with him to the New World in 1493, and orange trees were known to have been in cultivation in St. Augustine, Fla. by 1579 (Stanley, 1992).
Spanish missionaries also introduced orange trees to California and Brazil in the 1700s. Those three areas are still important sources of orange cultivation today (Stanley, 1992). Three-fourths of orange production
goes into making either fresh or frozen concentrated orange juice. Besides the flesh of the fruit, the peel is useful in making citrus oil, which has a variety of uses,
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