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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 13 page paper that begins with an introduction to the matrix structure, including when it first emerged and leading to a statement of the problem. The literature review explains the matrix structure in more detail, three types of project-based matrix frameworks, the elements and characteristics needed for successful matrix management and three driving forces for matrix management. The final section discusses the matrix structure in schools and uses special education and other factors as examples. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
13 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGmtrx.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
(Numerof and Abrams, 2002). With scientists and engineers both working on very complex projects, work had to be closely coordinated at all levels of the development process (Numerof and Abrams,
2002). The matrix structure was devised to provide this type of coordination (Numerof and Abrams, 2002). In the 1960s as the aerospace industry as well as other high-technology industries emerged
so strongly, matrix management was used to coordinate vast projects that involved specialists and experts in a multitude of disciplines (DeFillippi, 2002). An authority structure with the purpose of complementing
functional authority was implemented to coordinate innovative and complex projects (DeFillippi, 2002). That was the matrix structure (DeFillippi, 2002). Todays global market and the speed of change requires companies
to develop new products and improve old products for the survival of the company (Numerof and Abrams, 2002). Managers and executives in multinational corporations must "coordinate goals, actions and resources
in order to function smoothly as one company" (Kearney, 2003). To meet these challenges, companies often establish cross-functional teams that may be comprised of researchers, engineers, salespersons, marketing persons and
fiscal specialists (Numerof and Abrams, 2002). The success of these types of teams is having a structure that can "maintain consistency of corporate guidelines and objectives throughout the product development
stages" (Numerof and Abrams, 2002, p. 42). In todays global marketplace, "quality, speed, and consistency [are] more important than ever before" (Numerof and Abrams, 2002, p. 42). A matrix organizational
structure is one strategy used to meet the needs. In a matrix structure, all the members of the team just described are accountable to someone identified as the project manager
but at the same time, they are each accountable to their own functional managers. The project manager has the responsibility of guiding and supervising the team project members but at
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