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John L. Gaddis/US and the End of the Cold War

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A 3 page book review The United States and the End of the Cold War by historian John L. Gaddis. This text presents a thorough and insightful look backwards at the four decade long struggle known as the Cold War, focusing particularly on why it ended and what lessons the world as a whole could draw from this experience. No additional sources cited.

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3 pages (~225 words per page)

File: D0_khgadwar.rtf

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look backwards at the four decade long struggle known as the Cold War, focusing particularly on why it ended and what lessons the world as a whole could draw from this experience. Ironically, Gaddis also points out that the Cold War period was technically one of the most peaceful in European history, that is, if one sets a criteria that measures peace by loss of life and property rather than by the fear imposed on a population by continuous threat. According to Gaddis, the fact that 45 years, the two super powers, the US and the Soviet Union, managed to contain their hostility to each other and stop short of all-our warfare vindicates the doctrine of containment that was initially set forth in George Kennans famous "long telegram" of 1947. In this historic document, Kennan, who was later joined in his argument by Paul Nitze, presented the concept that Soviet expansionism, as well as their economic system of state control, would -- in time -- generate resistance and, thereby, inevitably fall victim to the inconsistencies and contradictions inherent in the Soviet communist system. Kennan argued that the task of American foreign policy should be to simply help the "historical process" along. Gaddis feels that the protracted confrontation known as the Cold War was aided and abetted by the American tendency to be suspicious of power, even when it wielded by Americans. This is why the US always tried to link US interests to more edifying goals, such as the spread of democracy, rather than simply linking US actions to issues of national security. This is why, Gaddis argues, Ronald Reagan was able to take advantage of the arrival of Mikhail Gorbachev as the Soviet leader. Reagan believed in Americas moralist traditions and past, ...

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