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A 3 page paper that has two sections. The first part discusses reasoning fallacies that may result in faulty decisions. The second part discusses reasoning in terms of inductive and deductive thinking. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: ME12_PGlgcdin.rtf
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citation methods listed below. Citation styles constantly change, and these examples may not contain the most recent updates.?? DECISION MAKING AND REASONING Research compiled for The
Paper Store, , November 2010 properly! Part I Decision Making There are numerous logical fallacies
that can result in a faulty decision. There are fallacies of relevance, ambiguity and presumption. Relevance fallacies present premises that are not relevant to the issue, ambiguity fallacies manipulate the
information to make it sound true and use things like equivocation or the straw man and presumption fallacies contain false premises to reach a conclusion. Some of the logical fallacies
that would lead to a bad or faulty decision are: faulty perceptions, invalid assumptions, undermining the power of words, and faulty logic. Anchoring and adjustment are also errors people
make when making a decision (Kahneman, Slovic and Tversky, 1982). People assess probabilities with this error and become fixed or anchored on it. It is a cognitive bias wherein the
individual relies too heavily on one trait or one piece of information when making decisions (Kahneman, Slovic and Tversky, 1982). The availability heuristic is another cognitive error that is also
cognitive bias when the individual makes general decisions based on a small population. The media plays a big part in individuals making faulty decisions based on availability because they sensationalize
stories leading the public to believe there is great danger or an epidemic or whatever it is they are frequently promoting (Kahneman, Slovic and Tversky, 1982). In the study of
what went wrong with the Challenger disaster, Hirokawa, Gouran, and Martz (1988) found a number of errors in reasoning made by the team. These included faulty shared beliefs held
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