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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
An 8 page paper providing summaries of two textbook chapters, one on decision making, the other on organizational structure. The textbook is Fundamentals of Management: Essential concepts and applications, 6th ed. (2008). Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Page Count:
8 pages (~225 words per page)
File: CC6_KSmgmtChap.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
of management is the ability not only to make a decision, but also to choose the most advantageous input methods with the aim of arriving at the best decision possible
with the information that is available. Chapter 4 discusses the process of making decisions, decision-making styles, group decisions and factors affecting each. The Decision-Making Process
The decision-making process is a "set of eight steps that includes identifying a problem, selecting a solution, and evaluating the effectiveness of the solution."1 The full
list is: * Identification of the problem * Identification of decision criteria * Allocation of weights * Identification of possible alternatives * Analysis of identified alternatives * Selection of the
alternative providing the best fit * Implementation of the selected alternative * Evaluation of the effectiveness of the choice2 It is important to
make rational decisions, which are those "that are consistent and value-maximizing within specified constraints."3 Creativity is important as well, because it gives the decision-maker a broader view of the
situation and the problem at hand.4 There is uncertainty involved in every decision, for no decision-maker can know the future. Managers must seek to identify uncertainties, eliminate any
that can be eliminated and mitigate those that cannot. This leads to the need for bounded rationality as defined decades ago by Herbert Simon - a model that imposes
parameters - as well as for the identification of contingencies. Programmed Decisions A programmed decision is one that is repetitive and "can be
handled by a routine approach."5 Procedures, rules and policy guide the process of making a programmed decision, which typically is made at lower levels in the organization. In
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