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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper examines the use of ethanol as a fuel. The writer starts with a description of how crops may be converted into ethanol, and then considers the arguments for and against using food stuffs in this way when there are food shortages in some parts of the world. The bibliography cites 8 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TS14_TEethnol.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
alternative fuel provides an alterative, it can be obtained from a renewable source; by the fermentation and distillation of agricultural goods that contain carbohydrates and sugars. Ethanol is also
known as ethyl alcohol has the chemical formula of CH3CH2OH (Hayman et al., 1995). It can be gained from different crops, such as corn as well as cellulosic remains from
wood or crops (Rendleman and Hohmann, 1993). In looking at how this process takes place there are four main stages to the process of converting the crops to
ethanol. These comprise of first, the treatment of the crop to make a sugar solution, secondly the treatment of the sugar solution with bacteria or yeast to convert the solution
onto ethanol and carbon dioxide, thirdly the distillation of the ethanol from the broth formed in the fermentation process, and lastly dewatering the ethanol (McCurdy, 1986). It is interesting to
note that the production of ethanol is this way only needs the carbohydrates from the crop, all the others parts of the crop, including protein oil, fibre, gum and ash
are all surplus to requirements (McCurdy, 1986). In chemical terms we see this in the transofraion of the glucose to ethanol; Glucose + 2P + 2ADP + H(+) ?
2 ethanol + 2CO2 + 2ATP + 2H2O (Geaney, 2002). Wet milling is a process that have been available for many years in the production of starch, this has
been adapted by those seeking to make ethanol. This method gives a very pure form of starch, however, it is a higher cost with a lower final ethanol yield, but
it is popular as it have also been used to find markets for the surplus products such as gluten and protein etc. in markets such as animal feed (McCurdy, 1986).
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